Question: if a handful transfer but we can only recruit 25 max per year, can we fill vacancies with grad transfers, jucos, etc?
No, and that's the biggest reason that Pruitt and other first-year coaches haven't run off as many kids as coaches did in the past.
Simple explanation: Everyone talks about the 25 signee rule, but there are actually TWO 25 rules.
1. The one everyone knows about, the 25 signees each class. You can't sign more than 25 players, high school or JuCo to a scholarship in a recruiting cycle. There is some flexibility here with backcounting, blueshirts, etc. But this isn't the one that hampers program building.
2. The 25 initial counter rule. Any player that comes into your program on scholarship, whether it's by signing out of high school, JuCo, or transfer, is what the NCAA calls an "initial counter." At the same time they clarified the 25 signee rule, they put this rule in place to curb the creative accounting that coaches tried to use to build programs quickly. You can only bring 25 new initial counters to your school in a calendar year. So from January 1 with early enrolees to May, June and August, you can only bring in 25 new scholarship players. There is only one exception, which I'll get to in a minute.
The rule was put in place to prevent new coaches from coming in, cutting a bunch of guys and then finding a way around the rules to sign 35 *cough*Butch Jones*cough*. It was done in the name of protecting student-athletes. The problem is the transfer portal has left programs with more openings than the 25 counter rule allows them to fill. Because of the number UT signed this year, they couldn't bring in a grad transfer unless he was a walk-on like the QB from Maryland.
This is the rule that screwed Kansas over and has kept them down for years. Charlie Weiss filled his classes with JuCo kids and the last coach took over a roster with 40-something scholarship players and half of them were upperclassmen. It wasn't mathematically possible for him to have a full roster of 85 until his 4th year, and that was only if he signed full classes of freshmen and they all stayed.
The only exception to this rule is awarding scholarships to walk-ons. The problem there is that a walk-on has to have been on campus for two calendar years before being awarded a scholarship to not count against your 25 initial counters. There are no other loopholes to be exploited.
So now, you're seeing coaches give players that they would have run off in the past a second chance to avoid playing with a short roster.