The following statistics come from the 
National Registry of Exonerations in the Newkirk Center for Science and Society at The University of California, Irvine.  This information was published on March 7, 2017 by Samuel R. Gross, Senior Editor and Maurice Possley, Senior Researcher.
Executive Summary:  African-Americans are only 13% of the American population, but they comprise a majority of the innocent defendants wrongfully convicted of crimes and later exonerated.  African-Americans constitute 47% of the 1,900 exonerations listed in the National Registry of Exonerations (as of October 2016), and the great majority of more than 1,800 additional innocent defendants who were framed and convicted of crimes in 15 large-scale police scandals and later cleared in "group exonerations".  We see this racial disparity for all major crime categories, but they were more closely examined in this report in the context of the three types of crime that produce the largest numbers of exonerations from within the Registry:  Murder, Sexual Assault, and Drug Crimes.
MURDER
- Judging from exonerations, innocent black people are about seven times more likely to be convicted of murder than innocent white people.  A major cause of the high number of black murder exonerations is the high homicide rate in the black community.
 
- African-American prisoners who are convicted of murder are about 50% more likely to be innocent than other convicted murderers.  Part of that disparity is tied to the race of the victim.  African-Americans imprisoned for murder are more likely to be innocent if they were convicted of killing white victims.  However, only about 15% of murders by African-Americans involve a white victim, even though 31% of innocent African-American murder exonerees were convicted of killing white people.
 
- The convictions that led to murder exonerations with black defendants were 22% more likely to include misconduct by police officers than those with white defendants.  In addition, on average black murder exonerees, and those sentenced to death spent four years longer.
 
SEXUAL ASSAULT
- Judging from exonerations, a black prisoner serving time for sexual assault is three and a half times more likely to be innocent than a white sexual assault convict.  The major cause for this huge racial disparity appears to be the high danger of mistaken eyewitness identification by white victims in violent crimes involving black assailants.
 
- Assaults on white women by African-American men comprise a small minority of all sexual assaults in the United States, but they constitute half of sexual assaults with eyewitness misidentifications that lead to exonerations.  The unreliability of cross-racial eyewitness identification also appears to have contributed to racial disparities in false convictions for other crimes, but to a lesser extent.
 
- African-American sexual assault exonerees received much longer prison sentences than white sexual assault exonerees, and they spent on average almost four and a half years longer in prison before exoneration.  It appears that innocent black sexual assault defendants receive harsher sentences than whites if they are convicted, and then face greater resistance to exoneration even in cases in which they are ultimately released.
 
DRUG CRIMES
- The best national evidence on drug use shows that African-Americans and whites use illegal drugs at about the same rate.  Nonetheless, African-Americans are about five times as likely to go to prison for drug possession as whites and judging from exonerations, innocent black people are about 12 times more likely to be convicted of drug crimes than innocent white people.
 
- In general, very few ordinary, low-level drug convictions result in exoneration because the stakes are too low.  In Harris County, Texas, however, there have been 133 exonerations in ordinary drug possession cases in the last few years.  These are cases in which defendants pled guilty, and were exonerated after routine lab tests showed they were not carrying illegal drugs.  Sixty-two percent of the Harris County drug-crime guilty plea exonerees were African-American in a county with only 20% black residents.
 
- The main reason for this racial disproportion in convictions of innocent drug defendants is that police enforce drug laws more vigorously against African-Americans than against members of the white majority, despite strong evidence that both groups use drugs at equivalent rates.  African-Americans are more frequently stopped, searched, arrested, and convicted - including in cases in which they are later proven to be innocent.  The extreme form of this practice is systematic racial profiling in drug-law enforcement.
 
- Since 1989, more than 1,800 defendants have been cleared in "group exonerations" that followed 15 large-scale police scandals in which officers systematically framed innocent defendants.  The great majority were African-American defendants who were framed for drug crimes that never occurred.
 
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There is overwhelming evidence to support the belief that a black person in the United States is more likely to be falsely convicted of a crime than a white person, and that black people are disproportionately targeted by the police for drug-related law enforcement.  To argue otherwise, is to either be ignorant of the statistics, or to be in denial of the facts.  If I was to start with examples of systemic racism in the United States, I would start with law enforcement and our system of justice.  Whether a conscious racial bias is at work or not... black people do not receive equal protection under the law as white people.